The initial phase in building a house begins with building foundation. It is an important part of the structure of the house, because it will sustain all loads of the whole house. Strong foundation must be able to withstand or shifting of soil, avoid the cracks or even break the wall. Amount floors built and soil conditions become the calculation of working foundation, whether for the house one or more or we just create a foundation to build a fence.
Getting started of a foundation begins by preparing the design house that you want to create including piping system for water supply, drainage and electricity. Ground level should also be higher than the road and sewer. To begin the foundation in land used as a house there are work for clean, flatten and measuring the soil so that has higher level than the road and have to go down the sewer pipe leading to the sewer. If you have design already you can start work on the foundation with the following steps:
Mark the area to be excavated, you can use calcium powder or string spread the drop of every corner that has been given a wooden peg. Start digging! The difficult part of home design plan is the foundation and the hardest part is excavation. I did own excavation using a crowbar and shovel. I dig all and lay the basis of the foundation. Check for the perpendicular and depth of foundations, unstable soil requires a deeper foundation than the hard ground. In this case I dig as deep as 50 cm because of soil I live the kind of hard. It was conducted after my discussions with neighbor who well known the soil characteristics. It's important! the strength of the wall defend on its.
Begin with measuring level of the soil then install the pipes and set the slope, so water can go down into septic tank and sewer. Do disposal pipe that was installed.
Since I prepare for two story house, I had to install concrete poles at each corner of the foundation and every 2 meter along the wall.
This trapezoid shape is the first layer of foundation, commonly used in the tropics country to reinforce the soil structure.The process is put the stones together with mortar ( ratio ; 1 cement : 3 sand) fill the mortar fully it affect at strength of foundation. I use foundation width size 50 cm at base and 30 cm at the top. Wait until the foundation dry before proceeding to the next process.
Formwork (Bekisting) was formed around the stone Foundation to forming foot plate or footing. Install the outer formwork with ply wood or wooden board. Formwork height adjusted following foot plate height, I use 20 x 15 cm. Measure the height each formwork using waterpass or hose gauges to keep have same level. install slab footplate and bind each other with ring and bunch with wire. You can buy ready made Slab footplate or you can make your own while waiting for the stone foundation to dry.
After all assembled pour mortar concrete with composition; 1 cement : 2 sand : 3 rock split surrounding formwork. Flatten the footplate surface in accordance with height that has been measured.
Next you are ready to build the wall.
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